Correction and Retraction Policy

English Education: English Journal for Teaching and Learning is committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the scholarly record. The journal follows established publication ethics principles in addressing errors, research misconduct, and other issues that may affect the credibility of published articles. This policy outlines the procedures for correcting or retracting published articles when necessary.

1. Corrections

The journal may publish a correction when an error is identified in a published article and the error affects the accuracy, clarity, or interpretation of the content without invalidating the overall findings or conclusions.

Corrections may include, but are not limited to:

• Errors in author names, affiliations, or other publication metadata.

• Typographical or factual errors that affect the interpretation of the article.

• Errors in tables, figures, references, or other published material.

• Other inaccuracies that can be corrected without withdrawing the article.

Authors who identify an error in their published work should promptly notify the editorial office. Readers and other parties may also report suspected errors by providing relevant information and supporting evidence.

The editor will assess the reported error and consult the authors or other relevant parties when necessary. If a correction is warranted, the journal will publish a correction notice describing the error and the corresponding amendment. The original article will remain available, with an appropriate link to the correction notice.

2. Retractions

Retraction may be necessary when a published article is found to contain serious problems that undermine the reliability of its findings, conclusions, or scholarly integrity.

Grounds for retraction may include:

• Clear evidence of data fabrication or falsification.

• Plagiarism or substantial unattributed use of other people's work.

• Duplicate or redundant publication that violates publication ethics.

• Serious errors that invalidate the findings or conclusions.

• Unethical research practices or violations of applicable research ethics requirements.

• Improper authorship or other forms of publication misconduct that materially affect the integrity of the article.

• Other circumstances in which retraction is necessary to correct the scholarly record.

A retraction may be initiated by the authors, the editor, the publisher, or another party presenting credible evidence of a significant problem.

Before making a decision, the editorial board will assess the available evidence and, where appropriate, provide the authors with an opportunity to respond. The journal may also consult relevant institutions or other competent authorities.

A retraction notice will clearly identify the affected article, explain the reason for retraction, and indicate who is retracting the article. The notice will be linked to the original publication and made publicly accessible. The original article will generally remain available for the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as retracted.

3. Expressions of Concern

When credible concerns arise regarding a published article but the investigation is incomplete or the available evidence is insufficient to reach a final decision, the journal may issue an Expression of Concern.

An Expression of Concern will identify the article and explain the nature of the concern to the extent that can be disclosed appropriately. It may be updated or followed by a correction or retraction when further evidence becomes available.

4. Editorial Assessment and Investigation

All reports of potential errors or publication misconduct will be considered fairly and objectively. The editorial board will evaluate the evidence, consult the authors and relevant parties where appropriate, and follow applicable publication ethics procedures.

Authors are expected to cooperate with legitimate editorial inquiries and provide relevant information or documentation when requested. The journal may contact the authors' affiliated institutions or other competent authorities when necessary to investigate serious concerns.

Editorial decisions will be based on the available evidence and the need to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.

5. Publication and Accessibility of Notices

Correction notices, retraction notices, and Expressions of Concern will be published transparently and linked to the relevant articles. Notices will provide sufficient information for readers to understand the nature of the issue and its implications.

The journal will make reasonable efforts to ensure that article metadata and online records accurately reflect the publication's current status. Where applicable, relevant indexing services and repositories may be notified of significant publication-status changes.

6. Appeals and Author Cooperation

Authors may submit a reasoned appeal if they believe a correction or retraction decision was made on an incorrect or incomplete basis. Appeals must include relevant supporting evidence and will be considered by the editorial board or an appropriate editor who was not directly involved in the original decision, where feasible.

Failure to agree with an editorial decision does not, by itself, prevent the journal from taking action when the evidence warrants a correction or retraction.

7. Commitment to Publication Ethics

English Education: English Journal for Teaching and Learning is committed to transparency, fairness, accountability, and the responsible correction of the scholarly record. All corrections, retractions, and related notices will be handled in accordance with this policy and applicable publication ethics standards.

The journal encourages authors, reviewers, and readers to report suspected errors or publication ethics concerns to the editorial office through the official contact information provided on the journal's website.